Brazilian chromatic identity: Dorothy Draper’s work in Brazil

Abstract

This research is dedicated to the work of Dorothy Draper in Brazil, considered the pioneer of the interior decoration profession in the United States in the early 20th century. Her office, established in New York City since 1925, remains operational to this day, making it one of the oldest design firms in the world. A proponent of colourful and extravagant interiors, she was recognised for creating a style known as "modern baroque." She published two books, “Decorating is Fun!” (1939) and “Entertaining is Fun!” (1941), both of which referenced the use of colours in interior spaces. Draper was invited by an influential Brazilian businessman to design the interiors of the Quitandinha Hotel in Petrópolis, located in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Initial contacts took place in early 1942, and the project was developed in her New York office but executed by Brazilian artisans, with the hotel opening in 1944. The hotel, which also functioned as a casino, became a landmark for the society of that time and preserved a significant example of Brazilian interior design history. This study analyses the colour scheme chosen by Draper for this endeavor, based on national and international literature, interviews, a technical visit to the site, and a chromatic survey. Considering the possibility of still accessing Draper’s legacy, this research examines her work to identify chromatic references in a palette that may highlight a Brazilian chromatic identity. According to some authors, the shapes of Brazilian baroque architecture and the vibrant local flora served as references for the project. Literature suggests that Draper’s work was, in some way, influenced by her experiences during her stay in Brazil. Later, Draper would go on to sign a line of products openly inspired by Brazil, such as chintz fabrics and accessories with cheerful prints.